Alternatives to Soldering

Soldering is probably the most versatile joining method for coil terminations, and it certainly has a long and proven history, but the use of solder is coming under increasing regulatory pressure because of its lead content. Lead-free solders are available, but are more expensive, and not as reliable.

Two of the most popular alternatives to soldering are arc welding and laser welding. These both eliminate the environmental and health hazards associated with soldering, and have the added advantages of low cycle time, localized heating, and reduced part contamination.

Laser welding equipment is very expensive, though. It is difficult to set up and maintain, and has a higher cost of operation than arc welding.

For these reasons and others outlined below, Nittoku is offering the NAC Series micro-arc welding system as its preferred alternative to soldering.

 

Soldering Arc Welding Laser Welding
Environmental Concerns Lead is an environmental hazard None None
Health Concerns Lead vapor, flux fumes Negligible Negligible
Contamination Solder balls, flux splashing Negligible Negligible
Cycle Time ~1.0 s ~0.1 s ~0.1 s
Efficiency Multiple points per cycle 1 point per cycle 1 point per cycle
Heat Diffusion Large - heat can damage surrounding plastic Minimal Minimal
Machine Price Inexpensive Inexpensive Expensive
Material Costs Inexpensive - flux, solder Inexpensive - electrode, argon gas Moderate - lamp, spark coil
Maintenance Flux density control, solder level control, solder replacement Electrode regrinding Spark coil regrinding, lamp replacement
Ease of Handling Equipment Moderate - very hot surfaces, liquid solder bath Easy - one gas line Difficult - alignment critical, cooling water lines
Coil Design Terminal must be unobstructed for dipping Terminal must be grounded Terminal position accuracy is critical
Terminal Material Any Copper, phosphor bronze, not brass Copper, phosphor bronze, not brass
Coil Size Limits Small parts difficult Large parts difficult Large parts difficult